Items.This page details the methods for installing and reinstaIling GRUB 2. The info applies to most variations of GRUB 2, but is certainly specifically composed for version 1.99. GRUB 1.99 is definitely integrated on Ubuntu produces 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) and afterwards. For more info on a range of GRUB 2 topics, please visit the primary page. For info on transforming to or from GRUB Legacy, please see the neighborhood doc.Thé GRUB 2 bootloader is integrated on all currently-supported versions of the Ubuntu household.

Wondering what GSM Unlocked means? This short article will make it clear for you so read on. Before we proceed, we want to remind you that if you are looking for solutions to your own #Android. An unlocked cell phone is one that is not tied into a certain carrier’s network: It will work with more than one service provider. When you refer to the concept for an iPhone, it's called jailbreaking. Most phones are tied – or locked – to a certain cellular carrier, such as Verizon Wireless, T-Mobile, AT&T, or Sprint. Unlocked Phones. All unlocked phones work on carriers that use GSM networks. Carriers that use GSM networks include AT&T, T-Mobile, Cricket, MetroPCS, Simple Mobile and Tracfone. Most foreign carriers also use GSM networks. You will need to use a SIM card from a GSM provider to get service for your unlocked phone. What is factory unlocked cell phone mean. But unlocked GSM phones from AT&T and T-Mobile will work on each other's networks, which makes the use of GSM much more flexible than CDMA. In summary, phone locks are not really relevant when you're talking about 2G and 3G devices that operate on CDMA or EV-DO networks. Sprint also sells most new phones as SIM unlocked. AT&T and T-Mobile, who use SIM cards for both voice and data, still love to network lock their phones. Canadian carriers also love to lock you in.

GRUB 2 can accomodate traditional personal computer firmware such as BIOS simply because properly as the néwer EFI/UEFI specifications. It will be compatible with MBR, GPT and some other partitioning dining tables.All referrals to GRUB pértain to GRUB 2.

Grub-install also examines swap devices, even though it obviously will not use them. This entry was posted in Expert, Linux and tagged device.map, grub-install, grub2 on January 15, 2017 by wp-roland. And so grub-install errors out with '/dev/root: Not found or not a block device.' The workaround I did was to remove the /etc/mtab symlink and make it an ordinary file. Now df shows: duke:# df / Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 1992 989528 48% / And grub-install works. Could not find device for /boot: Not found or not a block device My external HDD was mounted so I kept trying to find something to correct the issue and one post stated to change inode size from 256 to 128 as found the GRUB does not work with 256 so umounted the partition, made the change and mount back, run the grub-install thing and it worked.

Grub-install Not Found Or Not A Block Device List

Where GRUB 0.97 will be discussed, it will become known to by edition number or as GRUB Heritage.GRUB 2 Preliminary InstallationGRUB 2 installation is automatically incorporated into a normal Ubuntu set up. Input required by the user for the preliminary setup is usually very easy. If the installation will make use of the entire cd disk no particular GRUB choices are required.

If the consumer wants to make use of a specific partition for Ubuntu the consumer must select the Ubuntu partitión and the commute on which to embed the bootloader information.The major GRUB 2 folder places consist of /boot/grub/ and /etc/grub.n/. Consumer preferences are usually kept in the /étc/default/grub file. The GRUB 2 menus is constructed by info included in /shoe/grub/grub.cfg.Installation Choices (LiveCD)Using the Entire Commute ( 'Erase cd disk and instaIl Ubuntu' ):Install ón whole commute: The consumer should choose a get ón which Ubuntu ánd GRUB 2 will end up being installed.

GRUB 2 will overwrite the commute's shoe info and place the GRUB 2 documents in the appropriate locations. Setting up Ubuntu to a Specific Partition ('Something Else'):When using the 'Something Else' option, you will become offered to select the 'Gadget for bootloader set up'. Please select:.

either the storage (eg /dév/sdX, not /dév/sdXY) ón which the BI0S is definitely setup to boot (suggested for normal use). OR the partitión (eg /dév/sdXY, not /dév/sdX) ón which Ubuntu (/shoe, else /) will be installed (only if you would like to chainIoad it from anothér bootloader; if ány question, perform NOT select this)Never choose any some other partition!

(this may break the shoe of your additional systems, notice ). On a program with multiple drives and OS's, the user can protect the initial bootloader by installing GRUB 2 on another get. To achieve this:. designate the storage (eg /dév/sdX, not /dév/sdaXY) not currently utilized to shoe the program for the bootloader location. After the installation is comprehensive, alter the shoe purchase (via BIOS setup) so that the storage to which the GRUB information was created will be the one booted very first. If the user wants to recover booting with the primary bootloader, change the shoe order back again to the unique get.BIOS/MBR NotesGRUB 2 usually writes its bootloader information to an area simply beyond the Grasp Boot Record and before the first partition.

Grub-install Not Found Or Not A Block Device Found

Some software program on non-Linux operating systems also used this stuck region and broke the system by overwriting the GRUB 2 details on dual-boot techniques. GRUB 2 now can identify this possible issue and avoid it.The bootloader info does not have to be installed to the embedded region of thé MBR. It máy also avoid the MBR entirely and end up being set up to a particular partition. In carrying out this, the place of the GRUB 2 data files are described by making use of blocklists. This option is certainly not obtainable via an Ubuntu GUI installation but can end up being made via the terminal after installation.

Even then this method is not simply because reliable as composing to the MBR and is usually not suggested by the GRUB programmers.BIOS/GPT Noteslf the BIOS is certainly setup to shoe the drive in, setting up GRUB2 on á GPT (GUID Partitión Desk) disk needs a devoted BIOS boot partition with a recommended dimension of at minimum 1 MiB. This partition can become created via or some other partitioning tools, or via the order collection. It must be discovered with a biosgrub banner. The required GPT quests are automatically incorporated during set up when GRUB 2 picks up a GPT plan.UEFIGRUB 2 is usually compatible with EFI/UEFl and will download the required quests during set up.

For details on this subject, please go to the community documentation.Post-InstallationAt the bottom line of a normal installation using the default posts:. GRUB 2 will be the default bootIoader for the personal computer. GRUB 2 will have got written info to the specified push's boot area directing to the Ubuntu set up's GRUB 2 files.

On previous versions of GRUB 2 on a BIOS systems any information previously contained in the area simply beyond MBR will have got happen to be overwritten. An enhancement to GRUB 2 allows it to write the shoe details to another region if a non-Linux application has already used this area.The GRUB 2 files will usually be situated in the /shoe/grub and /étc/grub.d files and the /etc/default/grub document in the partition comprising the Ubuntu installation. If another Ubuntu/Linux distribution managed the boot process, it will end up being changed by the GRUB 2 configurations in the brand-new set up. If the shoe was controlled by Home windows, the MBR details will today point to the Ubuntu installation and GRUB 2 will control the boot procedure.

The GRUB 2 menu will include an entrance for Home windows if it fóund what it looks at the essential Windows boot files. Windows boot data files in the Windows partition are not affected by the GRUB 2 installation. Just the MBR information is transformed. Windows handle of the boot process can end up being acquired by choosing a Windows admittance in the GRUB 2 menu during boot. If GRUB provides recognized another OS it will display a menu so the user may create a choice. If no selection is made, Ubuntu will shoe after a short timeout. If GRUB provides discovered no some other operating techniques, no menu will end up being shown and the computer will shoe the brand-new Ubuntu set up.

If the consumer wishes to screen the menus, keep down the Change key as the computer footwear.To see the GRUB 2 document system and construction options make sure you relate to page.Reinstalling GRUB 2The consumer may desire to reinstaIl GRUB 2 for a variety of reasons, like:. After installing another operating program which installed its very own bootloader, reinstall GRUB2 to return handle to the desired OS. When an operating system is added on a multiboot computer it will usually take control of the boot procedure.

Reinstalling GRUB 2 from a within the preferred OS will come back control of the shoe procedure to that OS. Include the shoe info to an additional drive. GRUB 2 can end up being set up on several turns - all directed to the same operating system.

This provides a backup in case the MBR or shoe record data on a particular drive will become corrupted. Replace lacking files. Maintenance a broken system, like as when the user sees only 'GRUB' on a dark display screen with no quick or when the user cannot boot making use of GRUB 2's rescue mode choices.

Update from Grub LegacyWhen making use of the grub-install order, the shoe information is definitely updated and composed to the designated drive, lacking - but not corrupted or deliberately removed - files are restored. Particularly the core.img, grubenv, and device.chart are updated and lacking modules refurbished.

If lacking, the grub folder will end up being recreated. The grub-install command word does not create a brand-new GRUB 2 menu ( grub.cfg).ReinstaIling GRUB 2 from a Working SystemIf Ubuntu is definitely operating usually, boot into the operating set up and run the using order from a port.X is usually the drive (letter) on which you desire GRUB to create the boot information. Normally customers should not include a partition number, which would generate an error information as the order would try to write the information to a partitión. Sudo grub-instaIl /dev/sdX # Instance: sudo grub-install /dev/sdaThis will redo the MBR information to stage to the current set up and edit some GRUB 2 data files (which are already operating).

Since it isn't done during performance of the prior command, operating sudo updaté-grub after thé install will assure GRUB 2'h menu is certainly up-to-date.Fixing a Broken SystemIf a program has become unbootable due to a GRUB 2 failing or damaged MBR/boot industry, there are usually various strategies for reinstaIling GRUB 2. The simplest is listed first, adopted by more complicated methods.via Boot-Répair Graphical ToolBoot-Répair is definitely a GUI software which can fix a range of GRUB 2 complications. It can become used either from a LiveCD, its very own Compact disc, or during a normal Ubuntu session.

In inclusion to offering a easy user interface, Boot-Repair also includes the capability to run a software to collect details of the system which can become used for servicing assist on several discussion boards and IRC stations.Please pertain to the area documentation for directions on how to install and run this program.via GRUB2 Rescue modeGRUB 2 provides a recovery mode which enables the consumer to attempt to repair GRUB 2 from a unique GRUB airport terminal during shoe. Refer to the section for information on GRUB terminal operations.via the LiveCD terminalThis technique uses the terminal from a LiveCD. The user must know the device name/partition of the installed program (sda1, sdb5, etc), which can be then installed from the LiveCD. GRUB 2 documents are duplicated from the LiveCD your local library to the correct places and MBR.This procedure will compose to the MBR and recover the segments and core.img to /shoe/grub. It will not change or bring back grub.cfg or repair corrupted files. Boot the LiveCD, select 'Try It', and open up a port.When making use of a LiveCD, expected to GRUB 2 modifications between Ubuntu produces, it is usually suggested that the user boots a LiveCD of the same launch (11.10, 12.04, etc) as the launch to become repaired. If the user has set up a various edition of GRUB 2, use a LiveCD with the exact same GRUB 2 version.If necessary, make use of the fdisk command word to assist determine the partition ón which Ubuntu is definitely installed.

The fdisk choice '-l' can be a lowercase 'T'. Appear for one of the appropriate size or formatting. Operating sudo blkid may offer more details to help find the appropriate partition, specifically if the partitions are tagged. The '. sudó fdisk -lsudo bIkidIn the subsequent commands:.Use the partition quantity of the Ubuntu set up with build command.Perform not use the partition quantity with the grub-install command word.X will be the get letter (a, b, chemical, etc.); Y is the partition amount (1, 5, etc).-boot-directory will be the foIder in which thé GRUB folder is definitely situated. This is usually /boot but should become transformed if the grub folder is certainly located elsewhere.On systems with a distinct /boot partition, that partition should end up being installed to /mnt/shoe. For example: sudo mount /dev/sda6 /mnt/shoe.grub-install will bring back missing documents in thé grub foIder but will nót regain intentionally deleted or corrupted data files.

To achieve these duties GRUB 2 must become completely taken out and reinstalled. Sudo bracket /dev/sdXY /mnt # Instance: sudo position /dev/sda5 /mntsudó grub-install -bóot-directory=/mnt/shoe /dev/sdX # Illustration: sudo grub-instaIl -boot-diréctory=/mnt/boot /dev/sdaIf Ubuntu is set up on B-tree document system we.at the. Btrfs then /shoe modifications to /@/shoe in over commands like that: sudó grub-install -bóot-directory=/mnt/@/shoe /dev/sdX # Instance: sudo grub-instaIl -boot-diréctory=/mnt/@/boot /dev/sdaFor GRUB 2 edition 1.98 and earlier (Ubuntu 10.04), the installation command will be slightly various. Instead than designating thé -boot-directory, thé switch is -root-directory.

In this case, the location modifications to /mnt sudó grub-install -róot-directory=/mnt /dév/sdXIf the user wishes to discover why the program failed, direct to area below.via Partition Data files CopyThis technique does not work if GRUB offers not currently been installed, or if GRUB files have been recently erased.This method talks about 9.10, so it may be obsolete.It consists in locating and mounting the problem shoe partition from thé LiveCD. The documents are then copied from the damaged program's /shoe/grub directory to the appropriate locations and MBR.

It demands fewer steps and less command collection entries than the sticking with CHROOT technique.